Title: Ur Excavations IV; The Early Periods     
Date: 1955     
Author: Woolley, L.      
Publisher: Oxford University Press     
Publication place: Oxford     

Files

Objects: Ur Excavations IV; The Early Periods | Ur Excavations IV; The Early Periods Export: JSON - XML - CSV

Object U Number Museum Number (UPM Date Reg Number) Museum Number (BM Registration Number) Museum Number (UPM B-number) Description (Catalog Card)
(none) (none) (none) (none) unknown
(none) (none) (none) (none) unknown
(none) (none) (none) (none) Unknown.
(none) (none) (none) (none) Unknown.
(none) (none) (none) (none) unknown
(none) (none) (none) (none) unknown
(none) (none) (none) (none) unknown
(none) 31-17-404 (none) (none) [U number not assigned in field]
(none) 31-17-403 (none) (none) No U number assigned in field.
10400 (none) (none) (none) Head of Priest. Shaven and shorn. Dark grey limestone. Nose chipped. Missing below neck. Hole 5mm in diameter pierced vertically through neck to join the head to a body which doubtless consisted of some other material. Good modelling. Eyes and eyebrows heavily pronounced, coventional eyes shaped. Heavy nose, pursed up lips and small but pronounced chin. Head and figures typically Sumerian - dolichocephalic. [drawing]
11231 (none) (none) B16909 Obsidian Nail. Miniature. Square in section. T Shaped top. [drawing 1:1]
11400 (none) (none) B17198 Limestone relief. Fragment of inlay from a frieze. The upper part of a male figure with arms raised holding a pole as if punting a boat.
1141 (none) (none) (none) Pebble head of snake. Green pebble. Pierced for suspension. [drawing 1:1]
12326 (none) (none) (none) Shell inlay. Soldier wearing a helmet and carrying a battle-axe. Hair done up in a chignon at back of head protruding beyond helmet: over left shoulder clothing in shape of a fleece, and under chin a beard; fleece & beard indicated by undulating lines. Head in profile, torso full face. All the incisions originally had black paint. Figure missing below waist- this must have been of some other material. This was found in conjunction with large pieces of slate that had evidently formed the framework to contain shell carvings, cf. Kish plaques. With the slate framework was found a large triangular piece of mother of pearl.
12500A (none) (none) (none) [A-E] Terracotta figurines. Very crude, archaic work representing human beings. [drawing]
12612 (none) (none) (none) Terracotta figurine. Upper portion missing. Male? Figure wearing a skirt open on one side and revealing one leg. Skirt to feet, represented by incised lines, parallel. Right hand holds a (battle axe?) head of which rests against abdomen, handle parallel to ground. On right of figure standing waist high an object resembling a hoe is fixed into the ground the haft appears as thin spiral column and at the upper end two curved prongs.
127 (none) (none) (none) Flint arrowhead. Very well chipped. [drawing 1:1]
12749 (none) 1928,1010.795 (none) Figurine bitumen. Very crudely modelled. A seated or kneeling human figure. [drawing 1:1]
12750 (none) (none) (none) Clay figurine fragment hand modelled. Male (?) figure in attitude of prayer. [drawing 1:1]
12751 (none) 1928,1010.805 (none) Clay figurine. Head of a ram. Crudely modelled head. Archaic. [drawing 1:1]
12752 31-16-989 (none) (none) Clay figurine. Head of a camel. [drawing 1:1]
12759 (none) 1928,1010.797 (none) Clay figurine. Dog? Crudely hand-modelled. [drawing 1:1]
12764 31-17-323 (none) (none) Clay figurine. Fragment, from belt to hem of skirt of a draped human figure hand modelled in a fine greenish clay with the surface smoothed about to the point of burnishing. Archaic, probably T.O. [Tel Obaid] period. [drawing 1:1]
12766 (none) 1929,1017.400 (none) Bead. An imitation in clay of one of the very long tubular beads made from the care of a spiral shell : the spiral markings are imitated in clay.
12767A 31-16-747 (none) (none) [A-G] Clay figurines of animals.
  • Page 1 of 85
  • 25 of 2106 Objects

Locations: Ur Excavations IV; The Early Periods | Ur Excavations IV; The Early Periods Export: JSON - XML - CSV

Location Context Title Context Description Description (Modern)
EH Site | EH Area EH is located within the Neo-Babylonian temenos wall south of the giparu. There are many other area designations given to parts of this space (such as DP and LR), but EH overall refers to the interior extent of the SW temenos wall from the south corner almost to the Nebuchadnezzar gate and extending east to the line of Pit F. Walls in the area were scattered and difficult to follow, so Woolley established a grid covering at least 55x100 meters in 5x5 squares. The grid is not well documented but publication shows that Woolley began numbers to the east, increasing to the west, and letters to the south, increasing to the north; square 1,A therefore sits in the SE corner -- 11,T in the NW. The abbreviation EH stands for E-Hur-sag but the building of that name does not lie within this excavation zone. Woolley did not believe that the building to the east of this area (partially dug by H.R. Hall in 1919) was the e-hur-sag, the palace of Shulgi, despite bricks with the inscription of the building being found there. Instead he called that building Hall's Temple (HT) and sought the palace in many other places inside the temenos. He eventually conceded that HT was indeed the e-hur-sag and published EH without reference to the abbreviation's original meaning. The area Woolley called EH was the area Hall called the 'tomb mound' because it was relatively high ground in which he found a number of graves. Woolley showed that these were the remains of graves beneath the floors of houses dating from the Isin-Larsa to Kassite periods. EH in this time was likely an extension of the domestic area EM. In the Ur III period there appear to have been larger public buildings here, but their remains were spotty at best. Tablets from this area and area EM show that the residents of the domestic quarter in the Isin-Larsa/Old Babylonian period were likely temple workers. (none)
Pit F Pit F stands apart from the Royal Cemetery pits dug in the preceding year, despite its letter 'F' falling inside the sequence of those pits. The sequence of pit letters was assigned after most had been dug, probably in season 8 as confusion arose over pits I and J. Pit F was originally called PFT to distinguish it from pits in the Royal Cemetery area. The suffix T probably stood for Temenos to show that Pit F was dug in the area inside the early temenos wall. The abbreviation became confusing and Legrain reports PF as 'Flood Pit' and PFT as 'Shaft in town area,' but the two designations are actually identical. The term 'Flood Pit' was often used to refer to Pit F because of the deep layers of silt found near its deepest extent. As much as 3 meters thickness of fine water-lain soil was encountered here, evidence of a great flood. In his books and talks for the general public, Woolley often made the equation of this flood with the biblical flood, but in his academic discussions he never did. Instead, here he referred to the frequent flooding of the Euphrates and how this particular flood must have been large and may have spawned Sumerian legends. Pit F was extremely large and extremely deep. Woolley's intent was to reach the earliest occupation of the site. He chose an already low-lying zone neighboring the excavation area EH and laid out a trench 15x25 meters, though in the southern half he only dug 10 meters width, making the final pit L shaped. He truncated the horizontal extent further as he dug down to avoid collapse and he eventually reached a depth of some 19 meters from the surface of the mound. The top of the pit had already been denuded to the Early Dynastic levels and thus late material was typically not found here. From the surface, Woolley found eight levels of early building remains going deeper and deeper. Beneath this he found pottery kilns and a deep layer of over-fired pottery fragments indicating manufacture. Near the bottom of this stratum he began finding Uruk period graves (that he called Jemdat Nasr period graves). He labeled these not with numbers, but with letters in the sequence PFG/A through PFG/XX. Below this he encountered the flood layer with Ubaid period graves cut into it. Beneath the flood layer he found evidence of Ubaid habitation near sea level and what he believed to be indications of the early marshlands in which Ur had originally been a very low mound. (none)
Pit A Beginning in season 7, Woolley excavated a series of pits within the Royal Cemetery. He had already cut this area down about 10 meters from the surface, so it was an ideal location to go deeper to investigate the earliest occupation of the site. The only map of the location of these pits that Woolley published is found in Ur Excavations volume 4 in 1955, but it is demonstrably unreliable. Combining information from the field notes, the UE4 plan, and the UE4 stratigraphic profile helps to get closer to the actual sizes and locations, but most of these cannot be taken as exact. Pit A was located relatively centrally in the overall Royal Cemetery Area, though its exact location is not known. A reference in the Antiquaries Journal for 1929 mentions a pit dug somewhat northwest of Pit B on the "other side of PG/1237" and this must be Pit A as no other pit would fit the description. This helps to narrow the location as does the fitting of lines from the combined stratigraphic profile published in UE4. Everything points to a location west-nortwest of PG/1237. The plan map published in 1955 shows Pit A substantially southwest of this, but it is not trustworthy. The stratigraphic profile places the width of the pit at 2 meters and it is probably safe to assume that it was square. It began at the same level as the floor of PG/1237 and went down at least another 5 meters, reaching 1.5 meters above sea level. No artifacts are recorded as having been collected from this pit. (none)
Pit B Beginning in season 7, Woolley excavated a series of pits within the Royal Cemetery. He had already cut this area down about 10 meters from the surface, so it was an ideal location to go deeper to investigate the earliest occupation of the site. The only map of the location of these pits that Woolley published is found in Ur Excavations volume 4 in 1955, but it is demonstrably unreliable. Combining information from the field notes, the UE4 plan, and the UE4 stratigraphic profile helps to get closer to the actual sizes and locations, but most of these cannot be taken as exact. Pit B was located in the annex to PG/1237, the Great Death Pit. This 'annex' was immediately to the northeast of the pit and is only shown on early maps (Antiquaries Journal for 1929). Woolley believed it was the site of a completely destroyed chamber for the primary burial associated with the death pit. He states that Pit B was not much more than a meter square, but the stratigraphic profile shows it at 2 meters across. It began from the level of PG/1237 and continued down about another 6 meters to around 1 meter above sea level. No artifacts are recorded as having been collected from this pit. (none)
Pit C Beginning in season 7, Woolley excavated a series of pits within the Royal Cemetery. He had already cut this area down about 10 meters from the surface, so it was an ideal location to go deeper to investigate the earliest occupation of the site. The only map of the location of these pits that Woolley published is found in Ur Excavations volume 4 in 1955, but it is demonstrably unreliable. Combining information from the field notes, the UE4 plan, and the UE4 stratigraphic profile helps to get closer to the actual sizes and locations, but most of these cannot be taken as exact. Pit C is said to be in the southeast corner of the Royal Cemetery. The cemetery was expanded through the years, however, and the corner referenced in relation to this pit should be the corner as of its excavation in 1929. The stratigraphic positioning compared to the overall map of the Royal Cemetery allows us to place Pit C with relative confidence, but its horizontal extent is not known as only its northwestern edge appears on the stratigraphic profile. It is likely that this was a 2x2 meter square, as were so many of the others dug this season in this area. Pit C reached a depth of 1.5 meters above sea level. No artifacts are recorded as having been collected from it. (none)
Pit D Beginning in season 7, Woolley excavated a series of pits within the Royal Cemetery. He had already cut this area down about 10 meters from the surface, so it was an ideal location to go deeper to investigate the earliest occupation of the site. The only map of the location of these pits that Woolley published is found in Ur Excavations volume 4 in 1955, but it is demonstrably unreliable. Combining information from the field notes, the UE4 plan, and the UE4 stratigraphic profile helps to get closer to the actual sizes and locations, but most of these cannot be taken as exact. Pit D is said to be close to PG/1332, though the UE4 plan map places it 20 meters to the northeast of this grave. Combining all available information puts Pit D only about 3 meters from the eastern corner of PG1332 and shows it to be about 2.5 meters square. It reached a depth of about 4 meters above sea level. No artifacts are recorded as having been collected from this pit. (none)
Pit E Beginning in season 7, Woolley excavated a series of pits within the Royal Cemetery. He had already cut this area down about 10 meters from the surface, so it was an ideal location to go deeper to investigate the earliest occupation of the site. The only map of the location of these pits that Woolley published is found in Ur Excavations volume 4 in 1955, but it is demonstrably unreliable. Combining information from the field notes, the UE4 plan, and the UE4 stratigraphic profile helps to get closer to the actual sizes and locations, but most of these cannot be taken as exact. Pit E was near PG/777 but whether southwest or northeast is not clear. It is likely to have fallen to the southwest as the plan map places it on the western side. It was approximately 3x3 meters and was "sunk against the face of the wall of the second pre-cemetery series of buildings" (UE4 p.56). It reached a depth of about 2 meters above sea level. No artifacts are reported as having been collected from this pit. (none)
Pit G Beginning in season 7, Woolley excavated a series of pits within the Royal Cemetery. He had already cut this area down about 10 meters from the surface, so it was an ideal location to go deeper to investigate the earliest occupation of the site. The only map of the location of these pits that Woolley published is found in Ur Excavations volume 4 in 1955, but it is demonstrably unreliable. Combining information from the field notes, the UE4 plan, and the UE4 stratigraphic profile helps to get closer to the actual sizes and locations, but most of these cannot be taken as exact. Pit G was the largest of the pits dug in the Royal Cemetery in season 7 (larger were dug in seasons 11 and 12). It was located northwest of PG/777. The stratigraphic profile shows it as being 10 meters from NW-SE, but an early reference in the Antiquaries Journal for 1929 states that it was laid out as being 14x4 meters. It may have been conceived of as two pits, however, as the same reference mentions one pit on the outer line of a retaining wall [of the early temenos?] and a smaller on the inner line. Together they are later referred to as Pit G, or the smaller one may have been abandoned and only the 10 meter extent of Pit G reported. The pit was on the northwestern outskirts of the Royal Cemetery and it uncovered some building remains. In fact, walls were not unusual in the Royal Cemetery as witnessed by this quote from UE4, p.70: "Over a large part of the Cemetery area there extended walls of plano-convex mud bricks, at two distinct levels... All were thin and flimsy, all much destroyed by the diggers of the Cemetery graves." Woolley felt that these were just store rooms of a temporary nature. The pits dug in the Royal Cemetery in season 7 were intended to test the lower levels and little if anything was collected from them. Pit G, however, appears to have been a prelude to Pit F and may have initially been conceived of as Pit F in the sequence. Pottery was collected from it and analyzed by Henri Frankfort in Antiquaries Journal volume 9. Initial mentions of the pit indicate it was to go to the lowest levels, but it only reached 7.5 meters above sea level. It also began at a much higher point than other trenches, at 14.5 above sea level. Woolley must have realized he needed a much larger pit to achieve his goals and began that as PFT in the next season. The shift from this pit to the much larger is likely the origin of Legrain's listing of separate PF and PFT contexts, and the beginning of Woolley's realization that he must rename the entire sequence of pits at Ur. (none)
Pit W Pit W was excavated from the bottom of area PG near Pits Y and Z in order to more fully explore the Seal Impression Strata discovered running across the cemetery. Since these strata contained so many early seals and tablets it was clear that they were essential for dating the graves and for learning more about the administration of the city of Ur. In order to observe the strata more clearly, Pit W was much larger than most exploratory pits in the cemetery region, laid out to be 15x7 meters. It was dug from the northeast side of PG/1631 but its horizontal extents were not mapped and Benati (2015) believes that PG/1631 was mistaken for PG/1648, placing Pit W somewhat farther SE. Its published stratigraphic profile shows that PG/1631 (possibly 1648) was actually somewhere near the middle of the long side of the trench and Woolley states that Pit W was placed so as to virtually fill the gap between Pits Y and Z, but was set a few meters northeast of them. This allows for a relatively accurate placement of the pit. Pit W quickly ran through the seal impression strata but Woolley continued it down much farther, as he had with Pits Y and Z, to reach about a meter below sea level. He thus uncovered many graves earlier than the main Royal Cemetery, and because he believed them to be from the Jemdet Nasr period, he began JNG numbers for them. This discovery, combined with early graves in Pit Y, spawned the conception of a Jemdet Nasr cemetery running beneath and south of the Royal Cemetery, and in season 12 Woolley would seek to expose it in Pit X. (none)
Pit Z In season 8, Woolley expanded the Royal Cemetery (area PG) to the southwest and northeast. After digging more of the southwestern extent, he decided to investigate deeper still in two pits larger than those he dug in season 7 but not as large as Pit F in the Temenos area. These two pits were initially Pits I and J in the sequence but confusion with lettering caused Woolley to begin at the end of the alphabet and rename these pits Y and Z. Pit I was located northwest of Pit J along the southwestern line of the Royal Cemetery excavation and was quickly renamed Pit Z. There are very few references to Pit I in the field records. Legrain lists PIG as a pit near PFT and the final letter G shows that it was within the Royal Cemetery area rather than the Temenos area. Pit Z is about 50 meters southeast of Pit F. The published stratigraphic profile shows it to be 6 meters wide at the top and 4 meters wide at the bottom. Its sides sloped in order to prevent collapse. It reached just below sea level and it revealed more of the seal impression strata that ran through the cemetery. This pit and Pit Y both uncovered graves earlier than the Royal Cemetery main burials. These graves were eventually given JNG numbers, a continuous sequence across Pits W, X, Y, and Z that collectively came to be considered area PJ. Several, however, were initially given PG numbers and later renumbered in the JNG sequence. (none)
Pit X Pit X was excavated as a large southern extension of the Royal Cemetery area, likely originally conceived as an extension of Pit Y (Pit J) at the southwest corner. Its main purpose was to uncover the earliest burials in the area, the so-called Jemdat Nasr cemetery first encountered in pits Y and Z. Pit X measured approximately 30x15 meters, though it may originally have been laid out to be 35x20. Woolley reports it as a rectangle covering 1000 square meters, but even the largest indication on the plan map and satellite images is at most 700 square meters and not truly rectangular. Nevertheless, it is a very large space that reached sea level some 20 meters below the surface of the mound. In the Antiquaries Journal for 1934 Woolley reports a total of 13,160 cubic meters of dirt having been removed from this pit. Some minor building remains of the Neo-Babylonian and Kassite periods were found near the surface but most of the area was apparently used as a dumping ground in the Late Bronze Age and later. Woolley knew that the Royal Cemetery area extended to the south of his main area PG but believed he would find few graves of the Akkadian and EDIII period. He discovered more than he expected, but none were overly rich in finds. These graves did not receive PG numbers since the UE2 Royal Cemetery volume had already been published. Instead, they received PJ numbers. The series PJG applied to graves in Pit X Woolley felt to be Akkadian or later and PJB applied to those of the EDIII period. The break between these two sequences came at around 10 meters above sea level. In all, Pit X added some 250 to the more than 1000 burials of these periods that Woolley had already uncovered in area PG. Beneath the graves of the Royal Cemetery (starting at around 6 meters above sea level) Woolley reached the earlier graves of what he called the Jemdat Nasr cemetery. Graves at this depth were given JNG numbers. In fact, JNG eventually applied to all of the early graves discovered in pits W, X, Y, and Z. Some of those excavated in Y and Z had received PG numbers but they were renumbered for publication in the JNG sequence. Most of these graves actually date to the Early Dynastic I period. The area near the base of the pit was smaller than that at the top. Only around 400 square meters was exposed near sea level, yet more than 200 early graves were discovered. Although Ubaid period pottery fragments were found, only two Ubaid burials were discovered here. The large area excavation stopped at 2 meters above sea level, but a test pit at the bottom reached down to sea level itself. (none)
Pit Y In season 8, Woolley expanded the Royal Cemetery (area PG) to the southwest and northeast. After digging more of the southwestern extent, he decided to investigate deeper still in two pits larger than those he dug in season 7 but not as large as Pit F in the Temenos area. These two pits were initially Pits I and J in the sequence but confusion with lettering caused Woolley to begin at the end of the alphabet and rename these pits Y and Z. Pit J was located in the far southwestern corner of the expanded Royal Cemetery of season 8 and was quickly renamed Pit Y. The published stratigraphic profile shows it to be 12 meters wide at the top but within 1 meter of depth it shifted to only 6.5 meters width. At the bottom, where it reached sea level, the pit had been further reduced to 5 meters width, and a smaller segment of 3 meters size was taken another meter down below sea level. This pit and Pit Z both uncovered graves earlier than the Royal Cemetery main burials. These graves were eventually given JNG numbers, a continuous sequence across Pits W, X, Y, and Z that collectively came to be considered area PJ. PJ initially stood for Pit J but the concentration of burials found in this pit (renamed Pit Y) gave rise to the use of the abbreviation PJ for graves in the southern extension of area PG in Pit X. Woolley believed the early graves to come from the Jemdat Nasr period (thus JNG). Note also that some JNG graves initially held PG numbers, especially in the PG/1800 sequence, and were later renumbered. (none)
Pit K | Ziggurat Pit A | PAT Excavation area abbreviation PAT was also called Ziggurat Pit A. It was expanded and renamed Pit K in season 9. The pit was located within the area of PDW, on top of the northwest portion of the ziggurat terrace and cut down into its filling. Woolley had hoped to find early buildings beneath the terrace but only uncovered fill of broken bricks and Ubaid period pottery. He dug a second pit to the west on the line of the terrace wall (see Pit L). Woolley is unclear on the exact placement of either pit and the only plan published does not correspond well with his notes. In a field report dated Feb. 1, 1931, he speaks of removing the Neo-Babylonian sanctuary of Nannar and making this the site of his deep pit. This building sat on the northeastern side of the terrace, just north of the ziggurat's central staircase. In publication UE4, however, Woolley states that the pit was located in the center of the northwest portion of the terrace (the plan shows it falling in the UrIII shrine of Nannar). At this point Woolley also states the pit was dug in 1932, but all field records indicate it was dug in January, 1931 (and begun as PAT in 1925). In the season 9 excavation it is clear that Woolley intended to excavate a deep trench on the terrace that included both PAT and PBT. He laid out an area measuring some 20x40 meters that included the smaller pits. This excavation uncovered the early and quite dense terrace wall, so Woolley continued as two pits, Pit K and Pit L, falling essentially on either side of it. Pit K was farther southeast and measured 11x20 meters, stepping in to become 9.5 meters at a depth of 7 meters from the surface. It continued down to sea level, about 14 meters below the surface. These measurements are obtained from the stratigraphic profile published in UE4, but it is admittedly difficult to interpret. The only scale on the image is the vertical and this scale appears to have been exaggerated to show the strata while including the entire horizontal extent on the page. When the portion of the ziggurat included on the drawing is scaled to meet its appropriate horizontal, the Pit K profile is shown to be approximately 11 meters NW-SE at the top. Two season 8 artifacts have the context Ziggurat Pit A (with a note that this was renamed Pit K). Field notes do not indicate excavation of the pit in season 8 and the artifacts are very late in the season 8 sequence. Woolley may have been cleaning out the old pit in preparation for the following season expansion. (none)
Pit L | Ziggurat Pit B | PBT Ziggurat Pit B (PBT) was expanded and renamed Pit L in season 9. The pit sat on top of the northwest portion of the ziggurat terrace and cut down into the terrace itself. Woolley is unclear on its exact placement and the only plan published does not correspond well with his notes. In the Antiquaries Journal for 1925, he states only that this pit was dug west of the first (PAT) along the line of the terrace wall and included the find U.2826. This artifact, a shell plaque, carries on its catalog card only the location abbreviation PDW. The pit had to be located northwest of PAT (Pit K), but that pit is also difficult to pinpoint. In the season 9 excavation it is clear that Woolley intended to excavate a deep trench on the terrace that included both PAT and PBT. He laid out an area measuring some 20x40 meters that included the smaller pits. This excavation uncovered the early and quite dense terrace wall, so Woolley continued as two pits, Pit K and Pit L, falling essentially on either side of it. Pit L was farther northwest and measured initially 15x20 meters, but it was split up again (according to the stratigraphic profile in UE4) and the main portion of Pit L measured only 5 meters NW-SE. At approximately 8 meters down from the surface, it was truncated again to about 2.5 meters NW-SE and continued down to sea level another 6 meters down. These measurements are obtained from the stratigraphic profile published in UE4, but it is admittedly difficult to interpret. The only scale on the image is the vertical and this scale appears to have been exaggerated to show the strata while including the entire horizontal extent on the page. See Pit K for more information. (none)
Abu Kumbareh West of Nasriyeh (none)
Bussokheir Near Tell Halawiyeh on the east bank of the Euphrates in the Nassireh district. (none)
  • 16 Locations

Share

Email | Edit


Context

Ur >> EH Site | EH

Ur >> Pit F

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> Pit A

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> Pit B

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> Pit C

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> Pit D

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> Pit E

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> Pit G

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> Pit W

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> Pit Z

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> PJ >> Pit X

Excavation Context: Ur >> Royal Cemetery | PG >> PJ >> Pit Y

Excavation Context: Ur >> Ziggurat Terrace | ZT >> PDW >> Pit K | Ziggurat Pit A | PAT

Excavation Context: Ur >> Ziggurat Terrace | ZT >> PDW >> Pit L | Ziggurat Pit B | PBT

Ur Hinterland >> Abu Kumbareh

Ur Hinterland >> Bussokheir


Linked Resources

UrOnline Digital Media Storage