Old Babylonian
The term is used to describe the culture of southern Mesopotamia between approximately 2000 BC-1600 BC.
Description:
The Old Babylonian Period describes southern Mesopotamia where a number of important sates dominated the region, including Isin, Larsa, Eshnuna, and Babylon. The sixth ruler of Babylon, Hamurabi, unified the southern states and expanded his control into north Mesopotamia. After his death, the empire gradually shrank, but remained an important power until it was sacked by the Hittite king Mursili I. During the Old Babylonian period, literary activity flourished with scribes composing and recording religious, poetic, and ‘scientific’ works in Sumerian and Akkadian cuneiform. The state retained the Akkadian language for official use, and the Sumerian language for religious use, but Amorite was the spoken language. The earlier Akkadian and Sumerian traditions played a major role in Babylonian culture.
Ultra-Low Chronology: 1798-1499 BCE
Short/Low Chronology: 1830-1531 BCE
Middle Chronology: 1894-1595 BCE
Long/High Chronology: 1950-1651 BCE
Objects: Old Babylonian Export: JSON - XML - CSV
| Object | U Number | Museum Number (UPM Date Reg Number) | Museum Number (BM Registration Number) | Museum Number (UPM B-number) | Description (Catalog Card) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7804A | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets [A-R] Tablets. 18 tablets, envelope, and fragments X A and B contain dates: not identified. X B=Rim Sin3 7804C cf. 7832 K.K? But in text In this lot is a text relating to Gilgamesh and Lugal-bande. | |
 | 7804C | 52-30-149 | (none) | (none) | Tablets [A-R] Tablets. 18 tablets, envelope, and fragments X A and B contain dates: not identified. X B=Rim Sin3 7804C cf. 7832 K.K? But in text In this lot is a text relating to Gilgamesh and Lugal-bande. |
| 7804D | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets [A-R] Tablets. 18 tablets, envelope, and fragments X A and B contain dates: not identified. X B=Rim Sin3 7804C cf. 7832 K.K? But in text In this lot is a text relating to Gilgamesh and Lugal-bande. |
| 7804E | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets [A-R] Tablets. 18 tablets, envelope, and fragments X A and B contain dates: not identified. X B=Rim Sin3 7804C cf. 7832 K.K? But in text In this lot is a text relating to Gilgamesh and Lugal-bande. |
| 7804F | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets [A-R] Tablets. 18 tablets, envelope, and fragments X A and B contain dates: not identified. X B=Rim Sin3 7804C cf. 7832 K.K? But in text In this lot is a text relating to Gilgamesh and Lugal-bande. |
| 7804G | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets [A-R] Tablets. 18 tablets, envelope, and fragments X A and B contain dates: not identified. X B=Rim Sin3 7804C cf. 7832 K.K? But in text In this lot is a text relating to Gilgamesh and Lugal-bande. |
| 7804H | 52-30-240, 52-30-240 | (none) | (none) | Tablets [A-R] Tablets. 18 tablets, envelope, and fragments X A and B contain dates: not identified. X B=Rim Sin3 7804C cf. 7832 K.K? But in text In this lot is a text relating to Gilgamesh and Lugal-bande. |
| 7804J | 52-30-77, 52-30-77 | (none) | (none) | Tablets [A-R] Tablets. 18 tablets, envelope, and fragments X A and B contain dates: not identified. X B=Rim Sin3 7804C cf. 7832 K.K? But in text In this lot is a text relating to Gilgamesh and Lugal-bande. |
| 7805A | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. 4 round tablets [A-D] , apparently school exercises (or impositions?) [A] 1 has gis-par 3 times on obv. 3 times on rev. [B] 2 has gis(?)-SA(na?); gis(?)-SA-gal; gis(?) - SA-KU on each side. [C] 3 has figures. [D] 4 has nig-tug; nig-al-di; nig-gig-; dingir-ra-kam; on each side. |
| 7805B | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. 4 round tablets [A-D] , apparently school exercises (or impositions?) [A] 1 has gis-par 3 times on obv. 3 times on rev. [B] 2 has gis(?)-SA(na?); gis(?)-SA-gal; gis(?) - SA-KU on each side. [C] 3 has figures. [D] 4 has nig-tug; nig-al-di; nig-gig-; dingir-ra-kam; on each side. | |
| 7805C | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. 4 round tablets [A-D] , apparently school exercises (or impositions?) [A] 1 has gis-par 3 times on obv. 3 times on rev. [B] 2 has gis(?)-SA(na?); gis(?)-SA-gal; gis(?) - SA-KU on each side. [C] 3 has figures. [D] 4 has nig-tug; nig-al-di; nig-gig-; dingir-ra-kam; on each side. |
| 7795H | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. (A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. (B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. (C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. (D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? (E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? |
| 7839I | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. (A) Round school? tablet. (B) label with seal impression. (C) fragments of envelope with seal impression: a-ab-: ^dNin-. (D) curious tablet with linear pattern. (E) dub ma ^dNanna(r)-Ka. (F) [remarked g?] ? lists of ... (2 fragments). (G) [remarked d?] fragments of large account tablets. cf. U.8822. () [f?] unmarked: numerous small business tablets mostly complete. Of the 5 which have cases and seal impressions. NB. the n. prop. Ur PA-LU-LU (Sib-udu? a new god?) and on another the rare god Lu ^dSukal-an. | |
| 7795B | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 | |
| 7795C | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 |
| 7795D | 52-30-278 | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 |
| 7795E | 52-30-242 | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 |
| 7795I | 52-30-205 | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 |
| 7795K | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 |
| 7795L | (none) | 1953,0411.270 | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 |
| 7795O | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 |
| 7795R | (none) | 1953,0411.270 | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 |
| 7795A | 52-30-148 | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 |
| 7795S | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 | |
| 8819A | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. Four fragmentary mathematical tables: "450 times" "36 times" "1000 times" "6 times" (?) |
| Location | Context Title | Context Description | Description (Modern) |
|---|---|---|---|
| House I | Excavation house designation on the southeast side of Straight Street (originally called Division Street as it divided the first excavation house designations I, II, and III). This unit covered published houses No.2 and No. 4 Straight Street. | (none) |
| House II | Excavation house designation on the northwest side of Straight Street (originally called Division Street because it divided the initial excavation units of House I, II, and III). This unit may have initially contained some rooms in No. 3 Straight Street. | (none) |
| House IV | Excavation designation in area AH mostly covering No. 1 Old Street but likely containing parts of No. 7 Church Lane as well. | (none) |
| House III | Excavation designation for a portion of area AH that was eventually published as No. 1 Church Lane and No. 1 Straight Street. It was also called the Pa-Sag or Hendur-Sag chapel. This space was identified as a neighborhood or wayside chapel at the NW edge of Carfax. | (none) |
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Related Terms
Ubaid - Uruk - Jemdat Nasr - Early Dynastic / Sumerian - Akkadian Dynasty - Guti/Post Akkadian - Ur III - Middle Assyrian - Kassite - Neo-Assyrian - Neo-Babylonian - Achaemenid Empire (Persian) - Seleucid - Parthian