Old Babylonian
The term is used to describe the culture of southern Mesopotamia between approximately 2000 BC-1600 BC.
Description:
The Old Babylonian Period describes southern Mesopotamia where a number of important sates dominated the region, including Isin, Larsa, Eshnuna, and Babylon. The sixth ruler of Babylon, Hamurabi, unified the southern states and expanded his control into north Mesopotamia. After his death, the empire gradually shrank, but remained an important power until it was sacked by the Hittite king Mursili I. During the Old Babylonian period, literary activity flourished with scribes composing and recording religious, poetic, and ‘scientific’ works in Sumerian and Akkadian cuneiform. The state retained the Akkadian language for official use, and the Sumerian language for religious use, but Amorite was the spoken language. The earlier Akkadian and Sumerian traditions played a major role in Babylonian culture.
Ultra-Low Chronology: 1798-1499 BCE
Short/Low Chronology: 1830-1531 BCE
Middle Chronology: 1894-1595 BCE
Long/High Chronology: 1950-1651 BCE
Objects: Old Babylonian Export: JSON - XML - CSV
| Object | U Number | Museum Number (UPM Date Reg Number) | Museum Number (BM Registration Number) | Museum Number (UPM B-number) | Description (Catalog Card) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17900N | (none) | (none) | (none) | Not assigned in field | |
| 17900O | (none) | (none) | (none) | Not assigned in field | |
 | 17900W | 52-30-272 | (none) | (none) | Not assigned in field |
| 18784B | (none) | (none) | (none) | Clay foundation cones, two, similar: (A) All the base preserved with text complete and the stem to the length of 40mm, with about half its text. (B) Base chipped with edge of inscribed area damaged: of the stem c. 60mm remains with half the inscription. |
| 30497 | (none) | (none) | (none) | [Card Missing] | |
| 30643 | (none) | (none) | (none) | [Card Missing] | |
| 7772B | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A] Clay cone (fragm) Sumuilum = U.2634, 2778. [B] Another. [C] Another fragment perhaps belonging with preceding. [D] Another. [E] Another. [F-I] 4 more; one with text complete. [J]1 more: with text complete (nearly) (all but one to B[aghdad]) |
| 7772C | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A] Clay cone (fragm) Sumuilum = U.2634, 2778. [B] Another. [C] Another fragment perhaps belonging with preceding. [D] Another. [E] Another. [F-I] 4 more; one with text complete. [J]1 more: with text complete (nearly) (all but one to B[aghdad]) |
| 7795S | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. A) Long tablet made from 7795A and a fragment marked U.7785D. B) Join made from U.7795B and a fragment marked U.7786C. C) C) 2 fragments of 2 large account tablets. D) 5 other fragments (U.7795 perhaps belongs with one)? E) a date of Sumu(ilum) F) tablet dated under Abisarie. [G-AA] The rest are 21 business documents. Doc. G. belongs with U.7786B? Ur Texts Vol. V 357, 722, 223 882, 721, 442 411, 586, 592, 873 | |
| 7805B | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. 4 round tablets [A-D] , apparently school exercises (or impositions?) [A] 1 has gis-par 3 times on obv. 3 times on rev. [B] 2 has gis(?)-SA(na?); gis(?)-SA-gal; gis(?) - SA-KU on each side. [C] 3 has figures. [D] 4 has nig-tug; nig-al-di; nig-gig-; dingir-ra-kam; on each side. | |
| 7805C | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. 4 round tablets [A-D] , apparently school exercises (or impositions?) [A] 1 has gis-par 3 times on obv. 3 times on rev. [B] 2 has gis(?)-SA(na?); gis(?)-SA-gal; gis(?) - SA-KU on each side. [C] 3 has figures. [D] 4 has nig-tug; nig-al-di; nig-gig-; dingir-ra-kam; on each side. |
| 7832D | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-P] Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). | |
| 7832E | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-P] Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). | |
| 7832F | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-P] Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). | |
| 7832G | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-P] Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). |
| 7832H | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-P] Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). |
| 7832I | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-P] Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). | |
| 7832K | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). | |
| 7832M | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). | |
| 7832N | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). | |
| 7832O | (none) | (none) | (none) | Tablets. Various fragments - (A) Semitic letter to Ur Nannar; (B) Another to same; (C) with b??; [D-F] Account lists of udu-tu(d), gu(d), and -; (G-H) Fragments of dates, h = Rim-Sin 7; (I) Fragments of proper names; [J] [Not assigned] (K-M) Three considerable fragments. cf. with k.k. U.7804C?(mm) fragment, c.f. with l U.7827W; (N) Fragment [DISH] Istar-um-mi (?); (O) Label, with string-hole; (F) Field plan; [Is this a reference to something other than a tablet] (P) (see whether this belongs with one of the half tablets in U.7802) (cf. also U.7827). |
| 7833B | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-T] Fragments and envelopes containing seal impressions. [not all described] (E,-G) mu-nam-? nu-sag-ma AN; (L-M) RI-IM (^d) Si(n; dumu Warad (^d) Si(n; Lugal arar (^ki)-ma; (R-T) NB: figure of Istar with the arrows ^d Se(?)...; dumu ^d...; Warad ^dAdad... | |
| 7833C | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-T] Fragments and envelopes containing seal impressions. [not all described] (E,-G) mu-nam-? nu-sag-ma AN; (L-M) RI-IM (^d) Si(n; dumu Warad (^d) Si(n; Lugal arar (^ki)-ma; (R-T) NB: figure of Istar with the arrows ^d Se(?)...; dumu ^d...; Warad ^dAdad... |
| 7833D | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-T] Fragments and envelopes containing seal impressions. [not all described] (E,-G) mu-nam-? nu-sag-ma AN; (L-M) RI-IM (^d) Si(n; dumu Warad (^d) Si(n; Lugal arar (^ki)-ma; (R-T) NB: figure of Istar with the arrows ^d Se(?)...; dumu ^d...; Warad ^dAdad... |
| 7833H | (none) | (none) | (none) | [A-T] Fragments and envelopes containing seal impressions. [not all described] (E,-G) mu-nam-? nu-sag-ma AN; (L-M) RI-IM (^d) Si(n; dumu Warad (^d) Si(n; Lugal arar (^ki)-ma; (R-T) NB: figure of Istar with the arrows ^d Se(?)...; dumu ^d...; Warad ^dAdad... |
| Location | Context Title | Context Description | Description (Modern) |
|---|---|---|---|
| House I | Excavation house designation on the southeast side of Straight Street (originally called Division Street as it divided the first excavation house designations I, II, and III). This unit covered published houses No.2 and No. 4 Straight Street. | (none) |
| House II | Excavation house designation on the northwest side of Straight Street (originally called Division Street because it divided the initial excavation units of House I, II, and III). This unit may have initially contained some rooms in No. 3 Straight Street. | (none) |
| House III | Excavation designation for a portion of area AH that was eventually published as No. 1 Church Lane and No. 1 Straight Street. It was also called the Pa-Sag or Hendur-Sag chapel. This space was identified as a neighborhood or wayside chapel at the NW edge of Carfax. | (none) |
| House IV | Excavation designation in area AH mostly covering No. 1 Old Street but likely containing parts of No. 7 Church Lane as well. | (none) |
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Related Terms
Ubaid - Uruk - Jemdat Nasr - Early Dynastic / Sumerian - Akkadian Dynasty - Guti/Post Akkadian - Ur III - Middle Assyrian - Kassite - Neo-Assyrian - Neo-Babylonian - Achaemenid Empire (Persian) - Seleucid - Parthian