Enunmah | TTB | ES
| Context Title: | Enunmah | TTB | ES |
| Context Name (Excavation): | TTB; TTB.W; TTB.ES; TTB.SS; ES |
| Context Name (Publication): | E-nun-mah |
| Context Description: | That its foundation goes back behind the Third Dynasty of Ur is certain, for fragments of walls and pavements in pIano-convex brick (PI. 30a) prove the fact, but of the character of that original structure nothing can be said. Ur-Nammu was responsible for the temple in its existing form; he built it in mud brick, or at any rate made much use of that material, and his work was added to and probably completed by his son Dungi. Bur-Sin replaced with burnt brick the mud-brick walls of his grandfather and Gimil-Sin added further details. The temple was completely overthrown by the Elamites on the occasion of the downfall of Ibi-Sin and under the Isin Dynasty was rebuilt by Gimil-ilishu, who faithfully followed the lines of the Third Dynasty ground-plan. Ishme-Dagan, Nur-Adad, and Sin-idinnam all in turn undertook repairs of its structure and Kudur-Mabug seems to have done some more radical restoration, but his building was destroyed by the Babylonians in the time of Samsu-iluna. It was probably restored after a fashion not much later, but the first actual record of its re-establishment is that of Kuri-Galzu; the Kassite ruler still kept to the original plan, but added a few new features. His building was repaired, without any noticeable alterations, by Marduk-nadin-ahhe in the 11th century B.C. Nebuchadnezzar was the first to tamper seriously with the ancient ground-plan; his reconstruction involved a complete change of character corresponding to a change of ritual in the temple services, and in the temple as he left it the old E-nun-mah is barely recognisable. Nabonidus repaired but does not seem to have modified his predecessor's work. Finally we find, above the Nabonidus level, remains of a further reconstruction which we can attribute only to Cyrus of Persia.1 |
| Context Description: | The building was an almost exact square measuring some 57.00 m. in either direction; its angles were, as usual, orientated to the cardinal points of the compass. It was surrounded by a wall 2.70 m. thick strengthened by double buttresses, of which there were five on each side, and the area thus enclosed was raised to form a platform about 2.00 m. above the level of the ground outside; this wall is fairly well preserved on the NE (v. Pis. 28b., 29b), has suffered a good deal, and is partly masked by subsequent additions in the SE (PI. 29a), could be traced only by its foundations on the SW, where the building has been remodelled, and on the NW it has been completely eradicated by a drain of Nebuchadnezzar. There is a doorway in the SE wall which, however, would seem to have led only into two small chambers having no communication with the rest of the building. In view of the denudation of the walls, which here do not rise above floor level, it is not possible to assert definitely that such communication never existed, but the facts that the wall between rooms 17 and 18 is whereas in almost every other case the doorways can be distinguished even at this level (rooms 8, 9, and 10 are the sole exceptions), and that no hinge-box or doorsocket stone was found here, make the theory of a door hazardous. Probably the real entrance to the building was in the NW front.1 |
| [1] UE6 p.45 |
| Object | U Number | Museum Number (UPM Date Reg Number) | Museum Number (BM Registration Number) | Museum Number (UPM B-number) | Description (Catalog Card) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | 861 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Base of large clay cone. Two col. inscription, complete, of Kudor-Mabug, dup. of 188. |
| 860 | (none) | (none) | B14984 | Alabaster pot. Cylindrical, carinated sides, flat everted rim. Restored from fragments and about half missing. | |
| 859 | (none) | (none) | B14983 | Alabaster pot. A plain cylinder with very slight ridge round base and rim. Restored from fragments, rim chipped and part of one side missing. | |
| 858 | (none) | 1923,1110.55 | (none) | Alabaster pot. Cylindrical, with out-turned flat rim a hole in one side, and most of rim missing. Restored from fragments. [drawing] |
| 838 | (none) | 1923,1110.1 | (none) | Basalt hinge-stone. In bad condition. Inscribed with the name of GIMILSIN. |
| 835 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Cone. of dark brown stone. Broken below. A hole runs up the centre, and a second is pierced from the side to beyond the middle for a pin to make the cone fast to the peg running up the central hole. On one side scratches, perhaps relics of an inscription. [Handwritten note corrects type to plumb bob] [drawing 1:1] |
| 8336 | (none) | 1928,1009.458 | (none) | Spoon-bowl(?) A white steatite(?) Almost flat but very slightly concave. On one side and more prominently convex on the other. Broken at the spring of the handle. [drawing] |
| 8335 | (none) | (none) | B16764 | Pendant of blue paste (imitation lapis) a flat dish with slight protuberances. Where the 2 holes come. [drawing] 1:1 | |
| 8334 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Stone amulet of red pebble with white markings. Crescent shaped. Flat with rounded edges: pierced for suspension by 2 holes from the tops of the crescent meeting in the middle. [drawing 1:1] |
| 808 | (none) | (none) | B15325 | Basalt duck weight. Broken below the breast and badly cracked by fire. Inscribed on wing 30 true minas. Type VI | |
| 792 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Shell rings. 28 in all, some only half-made from the shell core, some complete. All found together about 1.5m down against the outer face of the boundary wall of E-NUN-MAH. SW side near W. corner. |
| 7918 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Bead. Agate. Lentoid. |
| 7917 | (none) | (none) | B16905 | Flat seal. Hemispherical. Calcite. Greyish. Animal? design. | |
| 7916 | (none) | (none) | B16906 | Stamp flat seal. One side convex. Calcite. Greyish. Above a reclining beast, possibly a jackal? and below a second beast with big head. | |
| 7915 | (none) | 1928,1009.58 | (none) | Flat seal. Convex on one side. Hole perforated through top for attachment. Whorl design on flat side. Yellowish marble with red streaks. |
| 7913 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Comb. Ivory. White. Fragment. Two rows of teeth; one row has been worn down at an angle. The flat space between the tooth-rows decorated with lines and dotted circles. |
| 791 | (none) | 1923,1110.144 | (none) | Glass bowl. Fragment of in heavy molded glass in opaque white and yellow on translucent pale green. Section [referencing drawing]. [drawing 1:1] |
| 7908 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Kohl stick. Ivory. Rectangular in section, thickening towards the head and then sharpened to point. |
| 7907 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Kohl stick case. Ivory. Plain tube rounded at base. [CARD MISSING Typed Transcription from British Museum Card] |
| 7906 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Mirror handle. Shell. [drawing] |
| 7905 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Mirror handle. Ivory. Rounded handle; rectangular tang at top to fit into mirror-socket. [drawing] |
| 7904 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Paint pot. Ivory. In form of sphinx of Phoenico-Assyrian style: the box is an oblong depression between the wings. Indifferent carving, and the wing in poor condition; half of the face of the sphinx missing. [additional notes on back of catalog card follow:] U.6665, correct Pl. reference in Pl.25. Plate 15. Captions wanted. Pl.23 = add catalogue number. Keep Pl.33 but insert the new weapon types. For Pl.34 (new), use metal objects above and 800m ran [last word illegible] types infers. Change Plate numbers 34 (adr[...]) h3. Plate 36, keep number. Plate 35, adr[...], change number h3. Pl.37 (adr[...]) to become a figure in the text. pp.25. Gold to catalogue U.6456, Legrain's [illegible] No.734. |
| 7903 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Ivory box lid. Circular. Convex above with line border and central rosette, 12-petalled: rabetted below to fit circular box. |
| 7902 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Comb. Ivory. Most of the teeth broken off short, only the end guard left to show their original length. On both sides of the flat upper part, an engraving of a bull set in a frame of lines and dotted circles. On one side the bull has his tail down. on the other above his back: otherwise, the 2 engravings are similar and show the bull with head lowered to strike. Very fine Phoenician work. |
| 790 | (none) | (none) | (none) | Cylinder seal. Black steatite. Subject: man fighting lion(?) : traces of 1 column inscription erased. Poor work. |
| Media | Media Title | Title | Label | Author | Omeka Label |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0003 | GN0003 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0004 | GN0004 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0004a | GN0004a | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0005 | GN0005 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0006 | GN0006 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0007 | GN0007 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0008 | GN0008 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0009 | GN0009 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0010 | GN0010 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0011 | GN0011 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0012 | GN0012 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0013 | GN0013 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0014 | GN0014 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0015 | GN0015 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0018 | GN0018 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0019 | GN0019 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0020 | GN0020 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0021 | GN0021 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0026 | GN0026 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0028 | GN0028 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0029 | GN0029 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0030 | GN0030 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0030A | GN0030A | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0031 | GN0031 | (none) | |
| Field Photographs | Field Photographs | GN0032 | GN0032 | (none) |
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Sibling Locations
AH Site | AH - City Wall | CLW - DP - Dublalmah | LL - EH Site | EH - Ehursag | HT - EM Site | EM - ESB - FH - Giparu | KP - Great Nanna Courtyard | PD - Harbor Temple - House 34/1 - House 34/2 - House Site - Kassite Fort - KPS Site | KPS - LT - LW - Mausoleum Site | BC - Neo-Babylonian Housing | NH - NNCF - NTB - P/103 - Palace of Bel-Shalti-Nannar | AD - Pit F - Royal Cemetery | PG - SM - Temenos Wall | TW - TTC - XNCF - Ziggurat Terrace | ZT
Child Locations
ES - Room 1 - Room 10 | TTB.16 - Room 11 | TTB.16/17/19 - Room 12 | TTB.16/17 - Room 13 | TTB.19 - Room 14 | TTB.20 - Room 15 | TTB.21 - Room 17 - Room 19 - Room 2 - Room 21 - Room 22 | TTB.31 - Room 23 - Room 25 - Room 3 - Room 32 - Room 33 - Room 34 - Room 35 - Room 36 - Room 5 | TTB.10 - Room 6 - Room 7 - Room 8 | TTB.14 - Room 9 | TTB.13 - TTB
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Context
Ur > Enunmah | TTB | ES
References
Woolley, Leonard. (1974) Ur Excavations VI; The Ur III Period, Oxford: Oxford University Press.