Context Title: Enunmah | TTB | ES     
Context Name (Excavation): TTB; TTB.W; TTB.ES; TTB.SS; ES      
Context Name (Publication): E-nun-mah     
Context Description: That its foundation goes back behind the Third Dynasty of Ur is certain, for fragments of walls and pavements in pIano-convex brick (PI. 30a) prove the fact, but of the character of that original structure nothing can be said. Ur-Nammu was responsible for the temple in its existing form; he built it in mud brick, or at any rate made much use of that material, and his work was added to and probably completed by his son Dungi. Bur-Sin replaced with burnt brick the mud-brick walls of his grandfather and Gimil-Sin added further details. The temple was completely overthrown by the Elamites on the occasion of the downfall of Ibi-Sin and under the Isin Dynasty was rebuilt by Gimil-ilishu, who faithfully followed the lines of the Third Dynasty ground-plan. Ishme-Dagan, Nur-Adad, and Sin-idinnam all in turn undertook repairs of its structure and Kudur-Mabug seems to have done some more radical restoration, but his building was destroyed by the Babylonians in the time of Samsu-iluna. It was probably restored after a fashion not much later, but the first actual record of its re-establishment is that of Kuri-Galzu; the Kassite ruler still kept to the original plan, but added a few new features. His building was repaired, without any noticeable alterations, by Marduk-nadin-ahhe in the 11th century B.C. Nebuchadnezzar was the first to tamper seriously with the ancient ground-plan; his reconstruction involved a complete change of character corresponding to a change of ritual in the temple services, and in the temple as he left it the old E-nun-mah is barely recognisable. Nabonidus repaired but does not seem to have modified his predecessor's work. Finally we find, above the Nabonidus level, remains of a further reconstruction which we can attribute only to Cyrus of Persia.1     
Context Description: The building was an almost exact square measuring some 57.00 m. in either direction; its angles were, as usual, orientated to the cardinal points of the compass. It was surrounded by a wall 2.70 m. thick strengthened by double buttresses, of which there were five on each side, and the area thus enclosed was raised to form a platform about 2.00 m. above the level of the ground outside; this wall is fairly well preserved on the NE (v. Pis. 28b., 29b), has suffered a good deal, and is partly masked by subsequent additions in the SE (PI. 29a), could be traced only by its foundations on the SW, where the building has been remodelled, and on the NW it has been completely eradicated by a drain of Nebuchadnezzar. There is a doorway in the SE wall which, however, would seem to have led only into two small chambers having no communication with the rest of the building. In view of the denudation of the walls, which here do not rise above floor level, it is not possible to assert definitely that such communication never existed, but the facts that the wall between rooms 17 and 18 is whereas in almost every other case the doorways can be distinguished even at this level (rooms 8, 9, and 10 are the sole exceptions), and that no hinge-box or doorsocket stone was found here, make the theory of a door hazardous. Probably the real entrance to the building was in the NW front.1     
[1] UE6 p.45

Objects: Enunmah | TTB | ES Export: JSON - XML - CSV

Object U Number Museum Number (UPM Date Reg Number) Museum Number (BM Registration Number) Museum Number (UPM B-number) Description (Catalog Card)
413 (none) (none) B15235 Clay vase. Roughly wheelmade of plain drab clay. Type XVI. Miniature. RC.73=L(?)68a [drawing 1:1]
227 (none) (none) B15232 Faience stand. Bright green glaze, much perished (broken and mended.) [CARD MISSING Typed Transcription from British Museum Card]
238 (none) (none) B15227 Clay stand. 2 fragments of (fitting together), rectangular, decorated with inverted dot-filled triangles. [drawing] [Annotated] Phil.
312 (none) (none) B14999 Terracotta relief. Fragment of; upper part (from pudenda to top) of nude female figure with hands on hreasts; heavy necklaces; hair in horizontal coils; pudenda much emphasized. Poorly molded.
311 (none) (none) B14991 Terracotta bust. of a god wearing the horned tiara and heavy curls on shoulders. Good bold modelling, moulded and finished by hand. Eemuriana [written in red pencil] [drawing 1:1]
887 (none) (none) B14985 Alabaster Vase fragments of, fitted together (plain) giving complete section.
860 (none) (none) B14984 Alabaster pot. Cylindrical, carinated sides, flat everted rim. Restored from fragments and about half missing.
859 (none) (none) B14983 Alabaster pot. A plain cylinder with very slight ridge round base and rim. Restored from fragments, rim chipped and part of one side missing.
903 (none) (none) B14973 Alabaster bowl 3 fragments. In fine pink-veined alabaster.
261 (none) (none) B14970 Fragment of alabaster vessel. Inscription "Votive offering for Nannar." Copied. Placed in IN/No. 1.
884A (none) (none) B14969 Alabaster cup, fragments of, 5 pieces, reduced to 3, of straight-sided cup or tumbler in poor quality white alabaster. Type RC.13
884B (none) (none) B14969 Alabaster cup, fragments of, 5 pieces, reduced to 3, of straight-sided cup or tumbler in poor quality white alabaster. Type RC.13
884C (none) (none) B14969 Alabaster cup, fragments of, 5 pieces, reduced to 3, of straight-sided cup or tumbler in poor quality white alabaster. Type RC.13
239 (none) (none) B14968, B14968 Steatite vase. Fr of On the outside, a bull carved with the body in low relief, the head projecting in the round: behind, hind quarters of a second bull (there were presumably 4 on this vase). The body of the bull and the field of the vase are decorated with bone inlay, trefoils and dots, the moon, the sun and geometrical figures. Very fine work indeed. Underneath, on the base, remains of one side of a column of inscription.
211 (none) (none) B14967 Stone vase. Fr. of. Fine-grained black stone. On the outside, carved in low relief an animal strongly resembling a pig, but with a bushy tail stands on its hind legs (L), one front paw resting on a conventional mountain. The work is rather crude but vigorous. The vase is of unusual form for a stone vase, section more or less, thus [referencing drawing], the foot being made in a separate piece. [drawing]
137 (none) (none) B14966 Torso of statue. White limestone. Eyes originally inlaid. Surface a great deal worn and the soft parts of the stone decayed, destroying much of the original character. [drawing]
237 (none) (none) B14965 Alabaster Bull's head. Being the front part of a rectangular trough-shaped vase. The stone is in very bad condition and the head has been put together from fragments. The eyes were inlaid and the ears and horns attached. Fine spirited work.
449A (none) (none) B14963 [A-F] Marble vase. In coarse white marble. Five [Crossed out] Six [Written above] fragments of, showing remains of a frieze of waterpots with water pouring out symmetrically from them. Drawing photo 65.
449B (none) (none) B14963 [A-F] Marble vase. In coarse white marble. Five [Crossed out] Six [Written above] fragments of, showing remains of a frieze of waterpots with water pouring out symmetrically from them. Drawing photo 65.
449C (none) (none) B14963 [A-F] Marble vase. In coarse white marble. Five [Crossed out] Six [Written above] fragments of, showing remains of a frieze of waterpots with water pouring out symmetrically from them. Drawing photo 65.
449D (none) (none) B14963 [A-F] Marble vase. In coarse white marble. Five [Crossed out] Six [Written above] fragments of, showing remains of a frieze of waterpots with water pouring out symmetrically from them. Drawing photo 65.
449E (none) (none) B14963 [A-F] Marble vase. In coarse white marble. Five [Crossed out] Six [Written above] fragments of, showing remains of a frieze of waterpots with water pouring out symmetrically from them. Drawing photo 65.
449F (none) (none) B14963 [A-F] Marble vase. In coarse white marble. Five [Crossed out] Six [Written above] fragments of, showing remains of a frieze of waterpots with water pouring out symmetrically from them. Drawing photo 65.
196 (none) (none) B14962 Stone hammer-head. Fr of Probably part of ceremonial or votive object. [drawing] 3rd Dynasty Uruk-Kuri-Galzu floor of E-nun-mah
194 (none) (none) B14960 Granite pick-head. Broken. Ceremonial votive offering. [drawing].

Media: Enunmah | TTB | ES Export: JSON - XML - CSV

Media Media Title Title Label Author Omeka Label
Ur Excavations VI; The Ur III Period Ur Excavations VI; The Ur III Period 1974 Woolley, Leonard (none)
Ur Excavations IX; The Neo-Babylonian and Persian Periods Ur Excavations IX; The Neo-Babylonian and Persian Periods 1962 Woolley, L. and Mallowan, Max (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v2_p030 Ur_Notes_v2_p030 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v2_p164 Ur_Notes_v2_p164 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p141 Ur_Notes_v4_p141 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p142 Ur_Notes_v4_p142 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p143 Ur_Notes_v4_p143 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p144 Ur_Notes_v4_p144 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p146 Ur_Notes_v4_p146 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p147 Ur_Notes_v4_p147 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p148 Ur_Notes_v4_p148 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p149 Ur_Notes_v4_p149 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p150 Ur_Notes_v4_p150 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p151 Ur_Notes_v4_p151 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p152 Ur_Notes_v4_p152 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p153 Ur_Notes_v4_p153 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p154 Ur_Notes_v4_p154 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p155 Ur_Notes_v4_p155 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p156 Ur_Notes_v4_p156 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p157 Ur_Notes_v4_p157 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p158 Ur_Notes_v4_p158 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p159 Ur_Notes_v4_p159 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p160 Ur_Notes_v4_p160 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p161 Ur_Notes_v4_p161 (none)
Woolley's Field Note Cards Woolley's Field Note Cards Ur_Notes_v4_p162 Ur_Notes_v4_p162 (none)
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Ur > Enunmah | TTB | ES


References

Woolley, Leonard. (1974) Ur Excavations VI; The Ur III Period, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

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Woolley, L. and Mallowan, Max. (1962) Ur Excavations IX; The Neo-Babylonian and Persian Periods, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

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